Engineering Journal of Satbayev University
https://vestnik.satbayev.university/index.php/journal
<p>The purpose of the <em>Engineering Journal of Satbayev University (EJSU) </em> is to highlight new ideas, problematic issues of science and technology, the latest developments and research for a wide range of specialists. The journal contains reports on the results and achievements of research by scientists, graduate students, doctoral students, undergraduates, which have theoretical and practical significance.</p> <p>We welcome submissions of manuscripts from leading specialists in the mining and metallurgy industry, progressive R&D laboratories, commercial organizations and universities with an established mining and metallurgy profile.</p> <p>Our editors uphold transparency in research; assess articles for their scientific merit; ensure that content is devoid of any signs of discrimination; and examine information objectively and independently of any conflicts of interest. A paper that is submitted must be unique work that has never been presented or published before. When a work is submitted for publication in this journal, it is assumed that it is not already in press elsewhere or being evaluated by another journal. To maintain the highest publication standards, every manuscript goes through a comprehensive assessment procedure while adhering to all ethical rules.<br />The journal was founded in 1994 under the title Vestnik KazNRTU (ISSN 2709-4766 (Online), ISSN 2709-4758 (Print)). Since 2022, the journal has changed its title to "Engineering Journal of Satbayev University" (ISSN 2959-2348 (Online)).<br />From 1994 to 2024, the journal published articles in three languages: Kazakh, Russian, and English. However, starting in 2025, the journal will publish manuscripts exclusively in English to enhance its international visibility and accessibility. The title and abstract of each article will also be published in Kazakh and Russian.</p> <p><strong><em>Access</em></strong><strong><em><br /></em></strong><em>EJSU</em> is an Open Access journal. All articles are freely accessible online immediately upon publication. There are no subscription or pay-per-view fees for readers.</p> <p><strong><em>Copyright and Licensing<br /></em></strong>All articles are published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a>.<br />Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right to publish.<br />Authors are allowed to deposit the final accepted or published versions of their articles in repositories, with appropriate citation.</p> <p><strong><em>Archiving</em></strong><strong><em><br /></em></strong>The journal provides long-term digital preservation of its content. Articles are stored on the journal's official website, and backup OJS systems ensure continued access even in the event of discontinuation.<br />In addition, the journal regularly deposits its articles in the <a href="https://rmebrk.kz/magazine/268">Republican Interuniversity Electronic Library</a> (RMEB), ensuring national-level access and preservation. RMEB is a unified database of electronic resources from higher education institutions in Kazakhstan, designed to provide academic communities with access to modern informational and educational materials.<br />Plans are also in place to archive content in international preservation systems such as LOCKSS and CLOCKSS to further ensure secure and permanent availability.</p> <p><strong><em>Revenue Sources</em></strong><strong><em><br /></em></strong>The journal is fully funded by Satbayev University. There are no author processing charges (APCs), submission fees, or publication fees.<br />The editorial decisions are not influenced by revenue considerations.</p> <p><strong><em>Advertising</em></strong><strong><em><br /></em></strong><em>EJSU</em> currently does not host advertisements. If advertising is introduced in the future, it will be clearly separated from editorial content, with no influence on editorial decisions.</p> <p><strong><em>Direct Marketing<br /></em></strong>The journal may use targeted and non-intrusive marketing strategies (such as email invitations) to solicit high-quality submissions. All communications are accurate, ethical, and consistent with the academic reputation of the journal and its publisher.</p> <p><strong><em>Publication Statistics</em></strong><br />As part of our commitment to transparency and continuous improvement, the Engineering Journal of Satbayev University regularly publishes key performance indicators related to the journal’s academic impact and editorial development. These statistics are updated after each new issue is published. Please download the most recent statistical report <a href="https://satbayevuniversity-my.sharepoint.com/:b:/g/personal/g_burshukova_satbayev_university/Ebh1t7B1sN1PpVzfAQjrEGsBp02QaXLWFPi7Q4I3e2N75Q?e=Fpbmui" target="_blank" rel="noopener">here</a>.</p>Vestnik KazNRTUen-USEngineering Journal of Satbayev University2709-4758<p><div class="pkpfooter-son"><br /><a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/"><img alt="Creative Commons License" style="border-width:0" src="https://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc/4.0/80x15.png"></a><br>This work is licensed under a <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License</a>.<br /></div></p>Assessment of the ventilation system and solutions for improving the ventilation network at Khe Cham Coal Mine, Vietnam
https://vestnik.satbayev.university/index.php/journal/article/view/1500
<p class="Text"><span lang="EN-US">Ventilation for underground mines plays an essential role in production activities by ensuring labor safety and maintaining environmental conditions. Mine ventilation is also one of the most effective methods for preventing methane gas and coal dust explosions. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the ventilation network annually and calculate the overall ventilation requirements for underground mines in the Quang Ninh coalfield. Based on the production plan and ventilation needs of the Khe Cham Coal Mine, the authors surveyed and evaluated the mine ventilation network, thereby proposing solutions to improve the ventilation system and calculating the ventilation parameters for 2025. To achieve the research results presented in this article, the authors used methods such as data collection, analysis and synthesis, field surveys, result analysis and evaluation, combined with numerical modeling using ventilation software to verify calculation results. To ensure ventilation for Khe Cham Coal Mine in 2025, two main fan stations – №1 at level +35 and №2 at level +112 should be operated jointly, with the following calculated working modes: fan station №1 at level +35: airflow of 193.72 m³/s, air pressure of 448 mmH₂O, impeller angle of 40°; fan station №2 at level +112: airflow of 155.8 m³/s, air pressure of 419.5 mmH₂O, impeller angle of 35°. Based on the analysis of data collected at the Khe Cham Coal Mine, the paper assesses the overall ventilation status of the mine. It proposes solutions to improve the ventilation network, ensuring safety during production activities. Additionally, it determines the combined working mode of the two main fan stations, providing a foundation for developing the general ventilation plan for Khe Cham Coal Mine in 2025.</span></p>C.H. NguyenT.T. VuD.T. LeS.A. DoC.V. DaoP.Q. Le
Copyright (c) 2025 Engineering Journal of Satbayev University
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2025-06-302025-06-301473202910.51301/ejsu.2025.i3.04Innovative approaches to the processing of ash and slag materials from the fuel and energy sector in the context of sustainable development
https://vestnik.satbayev.university/index.php/journal/article/view/1447
<p class="Text"><span lang="EN-US">The whole world aims to reduce coal consumption, but despite such a policy, there are countries where its consumption continues to grow (China, India). If coal consumption grows, the volume of ash and slag waste (materials) that must be utilized and processed to obtain final products grows. The main elements included in the by-product of coal combustion are SiO<sub>2</sub>, Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. The paper provides a review of the use and processing of ash and slag materials for recycling as well as potential directions for their disposal: as well as potential directions for their disposal: cement production, geopolymer, in zeolite synthesis, microsphere separation, in agriculture, in land reclamation, in phytoremediation as reagents for water purification, in road construction for backfilling abandoned mines. The authors employed physicochemical analysis methods to confirm that the primary components of the material are SiO<sub>2</sub> (65.9%) and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (22.5%). It has been established that a high proportion of silicon and aluminum can be an effective raw material for construction and geopolymer materials, as well as in the production of ceramic products. Availability of Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (5.54%) suggests possibilities for its use in catalytic processes and pigment production. The alkaline reaction of the aqueous extract of the ash (pH = 9.25) correlates well with its chemical composition and confirms the presence of active alkaline components in the material. This alkaline nature of the ash favors geopolymerization processes and increases the material's reactivity when interacting with acidic activators. Additionally, the minor presence of TiO<sub>2</sub> (1.11%) may improve the mechanical properties of ash-based materials.</span></p>S.M. NurmakovaU.K. SarsembinA. DalbanbayG.K. AbilovaB.K. TusupovaL.S. KurbanovaG.B. ZharkimbaevaМ. Shanbayev
Copyright (c) 2025 Engineering Journal of Satbayev University
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2025-06-302025-06-301473303910.51301/ejsu.2025.i3.05Monitoring of the water and salt balance of the Bakbakty rice irrigation system under reuse of collector-drainage water for irrigation
https://vestnik.satbayev.university/index.php/journal/article/view/1476
<p class="Text"><span lang="EN-US">This study presents the methodology, approach, and results of calculating the components of water and salt balances based on three years of field research on the reuse of collector-drainage water in the Tasmurun area of the Bakbakty irrigation system, under arid and low-water conditions typical for water-demanding rice fields. Balance calculations were based on data from in situ observations with active involvement of local farmers, ensuring data reliability. The water balance showed a slight negative discrepancy ranging from 0.4-0.6% in 2022 and 0.001-0.02% in 2023-2024, confirmed by groundwater level monitoring and maps. The salt balance showed a slight accumulation, with values from +0.016 to +0.29 t/ha in field No. 2 and +0.049 to +0.089 t/ha in field No. 4. Seasonal salt increases were linked to leaching regimes and the dominance of easily soluble salts, posing no threat to land reclamation status.</span></p>M. AbsametovA. IsmagulovaV. MirlasV. KulaginD. UmbetalievT. RakhimovV. Rakhimovа
Copyright (c) 2025 Engineering Journal of Satbayev University
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2025-06-302025-06-301473404710.51301/ejsu.2025.i3.06Mechanical and tribological behavior of multilayer and monolayer TiN-based coatings
https://vestnik.satbayev.university/index.php/journal/article/view/1462
<p class="Text">This study investigates the mechanical and tribological properties of monolayer TiN coatings and multilayer TiN/TiCN coatings deposited via direct current magnetron sputtering onto titanium substrates (VT1-0). The coatings were characterized by microstructure, nanohardness, elastic modulus, and tribological performance under lubricated friction conditions. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the coatings exhibit a uniform microstructure without visible defects and a typical columnar growth morphology. Nanoindentation tests demonstrated that the multilayer TiN/TiCN coatings possess enhanced hardness (up to 23.5 GPa) and elastic modulus (191 GPa) compared to the monolayer TiN, attributed to interlayer strengthening effects and redistribution of residual stresses. Tribological tests using a ball-on-disk configuration under lubricated conditions showed that the multilayer coatings exhibit a significantly lower coefficient of friction (0.10–0.13) and improved wear resistance compared to the TiN coating. This behavior is associated with TiCN layers, which reduce interfacial adhesion, promote uniform load distribution, and facilitates the formation of a protective tribofilm. The results confirm that the TiN/TiCN multilayer coatings offer superior mechanical and tribological properties, making them promising candidates for engineering components operating under friction and wear conditions.</p>B.K. KenzhaliyevA.K. KenzhegulovA.A. MamaevaA.V. PanichkinB.B. Kshibekova
Copyright (c) 2025 Engineering Journal of Satbayev University
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2025-06-302025-06-3014731610.51301/ejsu.2025.i3.01Overview of oxide electrode materials for lithium–ion batteries
https://vestnik.satbayev.university/index.php/journal/article/view/1480
<p>The article discusses the prospects for developing lithium-ion batteries, emphasizing lithium-enriched transition metal oxides used as cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIB). The primary focus is on materials with the formula xLi₂MnO₃⋅(1−x)LiMO₂ (where M=Mn, Ni, and Co) that exhibit high discharge capacity (over 250 mAh/g) and specific energy (over 950 Wh/kg), surpassing traditional cathode materials such as LiCoO₂, LiMn₂O₄, and LiFePO₄. These oxides combine the monoclinic phase of Li₂MnO₃ and the trigonal phase of LiMO₂, which ensures their high performance. However, the authors note several problems, including low speed characteristics, irreversible capacity of the first cycle, and degradation of voltage and capacity during cycling. These problems are linked to the creation of spinel-like structures, unwanted reactions at the surface with the electrolyte, and the release of oxygen. The authors propose modification methods like protective coatings, alloying, and the creation of composite structures to enhance the characteristics. The article also includes an overview of other common cathode materials such as LiCoO₂, LiMn₂O₄, LiNiO₂ and their combinations, highlighting their advantages and limitations. Special attention is paid to promising materials, including LiNi₁/₃Co₁/₃Mn₁/₃O₂ and LiFePO₄, which have balanced electrochemical and economic properties. It was also emphasised that further research is needed to understand the degradation mechanisms and optimise the structure of lithium-enriched oxides. Resolving these issues can help create better and more reliable cathode materials for LIB, which is crucial for advancing electric vehicles and other energy-intensive technologies.</p>M. DyussembayevS. YulussovA. KhabiyevS. Dilibal
Copyright (c) 2025 Engineering Journal of Satbayev University
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2025-06-302025-06-30147371310.51301/ejsu.2025.i3.02Features of mineral formation in the structure of iron ore materials from the position of the state diagram of the system CaO–Fe2O3–SiO2
https://vestnik.satbayev.university/index.php/journal/article/view/1484
<p>This paper presents the results of a study of the strengthening of iron ore raw materials obtained by oxidative roasting of granules and pellets using gaseous fuel and agglomeration with combustion of solid fuel in the agglomeration layer. Differences in the mechanisms of mineral formation of granules, pellets and agglomerates appear at the stage of liquid-phase strengthening and are due to the different role of iron in forming the strengthening melt. At the same time, in the agglomerate, granules and pellets, iron is in different valence states, affecting the processes' features. Iron can be in a trivalent state in the iron-silicate melt of granules and pellets and is not a silicate-forming component of the charge. The silicate compositions of the binders in the entire studied range of basicities (0.3-1.5) are located along the line of the CaO–SiO<sub>2</sub> connection, which is determined using the phase diagram of the CaO–Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–SiO<sub>2</sub> system. During agglomeration, the silicon-containing melt is formed under conditions of excess FeO, which directs the process of mineral formation during the creation of the iron-silicate binder of the agglomerate. Under standard agglomeration conditions, silicate binders with a basicity of 1.0-1.5 are formed in the olivine field of the CaO–FeO–SiO<sub>2</sub> phase diagram, covering a wide range of compositions. The processes of mineral formation in batches, by hardened methods, both during the firing of granules, pellets, and during agglomeration, have shown that changing the oxidation potential of the gas phase is an effective lever on the path not only to improving the properties of ferrous sand - a waste product of alumina production, but also to creating both new binders and new types of iron ore raw materials suitable for smelting ferrosilicon.</p>А. ZhunusovaP. BykovА. ZhunusovO. ZayakinА. BakirovA. Kenzhebekova
Copyright (c) 2025 Engineering Journal of Satbayev University
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2025-06-302025-06-301473141910.51301/ejsu.2025.i3.03