Engineering Journal of Satbayev University

Application of geostatistical interpolation methods for filtration coefficients on the Nurkazgan East field using the Python programming language

P.G. Shirokiy — 2024-02-29

This article presents the results of applying geostatistical interpolation methods to filtration coefficients obtained from interval hydrogeological studies in six geotechnical wells, with depths up to 1500 meters, in the Nurkazgan East field. Packers were used to isolate the required intervals, and pressure changes during tests were recorded using autonomous sensors. Subsequent processing of the results was carried out using the Python programming language. Geostatistical interpolation methods (including simple kriging and stochastic methods) for geological features were examined. For this purpose, several Python programming language libraries were utilized for data preparation, interpolation, visualization, and export to the required data format, such as Pandas, Numpy, PyGSLIB, GeONE, and others. As a result, the distribution of filtration coefficients within the boundaries of the modeled block was obtained. The applied stochastic methods allowed obtaining the necessary number of equiprobable realizations of the filtration coefficient distribution, which on average converged to the solution of simple kriging. Using these equiprobable realizations in further solving the problem of determining the forecast volume of drainage water, using geofiltration modeling, will provide a probabilistic distribution of these volumes. The forecast volume of drainage water significantly impacts the economy of the entire mining enterprise, as it affects the chosen mine dewatering scheme, selection of infrastructure for drainage water pumping, the magnitude of unbalanced volumes of pumped water discharged into the evaporator pond, and much more. Accordingly, the described method will allow determining both the most probable volumes of drainage water and their upper and lower bounds. Conducting geostatistical calculations using programming languages, particularly Python, enables hydrogeologists to fully utilize the theoretical foundations of any direction, whereas ready-made software products to some extent impose limitations.

Water quality of the Syrdarya River and groundwater of the Kyzylzharma field in the Kyzylorda region (Kazakhstan)

M.K. Absametov — 2024-02-29

This research’s purpose is to monitor changes in the water quality of the Syrdarya River and groundwater of the Kyzylzharma field for the sustainable supply of drinking water to the city of Kyzylorda, Kazakhstan. This article presents the results of chemical analyzes of natural waters of the Syrdarya River, taken from river water in the direction of flow, in the territory of Zhanakorgan, Kyzylorda and Kazaly. The results of the quality of groundwater used in some wells are presented in comparison with the drinking water standards in force in Kazakhstan.It should be noted that in the area of the Kyzylorda field, the mineralization of groundwater is 0.8-1.1 g/l, the sulfate content in the water of individual production wells reaches 690 mg/l, and the total hardness of groundwater is up to 14 mEq/l. The results of an assessment of possible changes in groundwater quality are presented. According to forecasts for February 16, 2038, the greatest increase in groundwater mineralization (by 0.22 g/l) will occur in wells with map numbers 131, 133, 135.

Determination of thermodynamic functions of interaction of chromium with silicon and aluminum

A.M. Akuov — 2024-02-29

The article presents the results of calculating the thermodynamic functions (enthalpy, entropy and Gibbs energy) of chromium reduction reactions from its oxide with the participation of active metal reducing agents by applying the constants of substances and the values of the coefficients of the heat equation, considering the phase transformations involved in reactions such as silicon and aluminum, which occur in the production of refined ferrochrome grades. This calculation is performed by applying the substance constant to the transformed formula for calculating the dependence of the Gibbs energy on the temperature of the reactions of redox processes. As noted above, the results of this calculation are of fundamental importance in the melting processes of refined (medium- and low-carbon) ferrochrome grades with separate and joint (in the form of complex silicon and aluminum-containing alloys) using the above-mentioned elements. The calculations were carried out in the temperature range from 298 K to ~3000 K, since this interval covers the conditions of the redox processes. The range under consideration covers the entire temperature range of phase transformations of chromium ore and reducing agent (siliceous or silicon-aluminum). For these reactions, there are several temperature intervals due to the phase transformations of the initial reagents and the resulting products. After performing thermodynamic calculations, graphs of the dependence of the Gibbs energy change on temperature are constructed. Temperature intervals where phase transitions do not affect the reaction are revealed. Consequently, along with passive temperature intervals, there are active intervals in which a sharp increase in the negative value of the Gibbs energy was observed.

Enhanced damping properties of novel Cr-Ni-V steels with ceramical-metal nanostucture TiN-Cu coatings

R.Zh. Abuovа — 2024-02-29

The paper investigates novel steel compositions, alloyed with Cr, Ni, and V, exhibiting improved damping properties. Additionally, it proposes a surface coating method to further enhance damping capabilities. Furthermore, the study presents findings on structure and phase formation processes in (TiN)-Cu coatings, deposited via vacuum-arc deposition on EO5 steels substrates. The coating fracture exhibits signs of ductile fracture, accompanied by the formation of fibrous-banded pits on the fracture surface. Scratch tests reveal shear stresses are presumed to be the primary cause of delamination. With increased load, coatings primarily fail along the scratch edge, indicating significant involvement of compressive and tensile stresses. This behavior is attributed to the nanocomposite structure, which hinders crack propagation and allows to maintain ductility. TEM analysis reveals a nanocomposite structure, with electron diffraction confirming the presence of titanium nitride δ-TiN crystallites. No crystallographic texture is observed in the coatings. The coatings significantly influence the internal friction amplitude dependence characteristics. The intricate microstructure, including and internal interfaces, contributes to complex damping properties. Additional damping mechanisms occur at grain interfaces and at the coating-substrate boundary.Further damping mechanisms are incorporated at the interfaces of individual grains and particles and at the interphase interaction boundary in the coating-base system, in addition to the internal damping mechanisms that occur in the coating itself and the substrate independently.

Review of methods for processing ore vanadium-containing raw materials

T.A. Chepushtanova — 2024-02-29

The article discusses the methods of processing vanadium-containing raw materials, including methods of pre-sintering and leaching of raw materials, extraction and precipitation of vanadium-containing solutions. In addition, the specific methods used for each type of vanadium-containing raw materials are described, with a description of their advantages and limitations. The article also briefly analyzes a number of the main influencing factors and mechanisms of various processes. Some research prospects are proposed to improve the methods of vanadium concentration from vanadium-containing raw materials. The article considers the potential of extraction and processing of vanadium-containing black shale ore, as well as vanadium-containing titanomagnetite ores. Spent vanadium catalysts used in petrochemical processes can be a potential source for vanadium extraction. In addition, vanadium-containing bauxite raw materials, oil and steel production slags can be promising raw materials for further extraction of vanadium. The article presents methods for processing vanadium-containing raw materials, including methods of pre-sintering and leaching of raw materials, extraction and precipitation of vanadium-containing solutions. In addition, the specific methods used for each type of vanadium-containing raw materials are described, with a description of their advantages and limitations. The article also examines the potential of extraction and processing of vanadium-containing black shale ore, vanadium-containing titanomagnetite ores as a potential source for vanadium extraction. Vanadium-containing bauxite raw materials and steelmaking slags can also be promising raw materials for further extraction of vanadium.