Microstructure, internal friction and impact-induced acoustic response of newly developed alloyed steels
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51301/ejsu.2026.i5.03Keywords:
alloyed steel, internal friction, impact noise, vibration damping, microstructure, elastic modulus, electrical resistivity, acous-tic emissionAbstract
This study evaluates the relationships among mechanical energy dissipation, elastic stiffness, electrical resistivity, microstructural heterogeneity and impact-induced sound radiation in three newly developed alloyed steels (XSM-1, XSM-2 and XSM-3). Standard carbon steels St.10, St.20 and St.45 were used as reference materials. Plate specimens (50×50×5 mm) underwent steel-ball impact testing, with transient oscillograms captured in a 2 ms observation window; torsional oscillation measurements, sound-level measurements and metallographic observations provided complementary evidence. XSM-1 exhibited the greatest tabulated internal friction (21.22×10–4) and the lowest A-weighted sound level (72 dBA), compared with 9.11-10.565×10–4 and 84-89 dBA for the reference steels. XSM-2 reached 77 dBA and XSM-3 87 dBA, despite both having relatively high internal friction. The descriptive Pearson association between internal friction and sound level across the six materials was approximately −0.70, whereas elastic modulus values did not show a clear monotonic pattern. Micrographs available for XSM-3 indicate structural heterogeneity but do not provide definitive phase identification. The results suggest that intrinsic material damping is important but insufficient on its own to predict impact noise; modal response, microstructure and testing configuration should be considered jointly. The study identifies XSM-1 as the leading candidate within this limited comparative dataset and specifies the measurements needed for independent validation.
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