TiZrNbTa-based bio-high entropy alloys for biomedical applications: a comprehensive review

Х.Н.Р.  Шайк; A.  Жумабекова; А. Первин

doi:10.51301/ejsu.2026.i5.02

Авторы

Х.Н.Р. Шайк Инженерия мектебі, Назарбаев Университеті, Қазақстан
A. Жумабекова Инженерия мектебі, Назарбаев Университеті, Қазақстан
А. Первин Инженерия мектебі, Назарбаев Университеті, Қазақстан

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https://doi.org/10.51301/ejsu.2026.i5.02

Ключевые слова:

био-жоғары энтропиялық қорытпалар, TiZrNbTa, микроқұрылым, механикалық қасиеттер, биосәйкестілік, легірле-уші элементтер

Аннотация

Заманауи биомедициналық имплантаттарға деген сұраныстың артуы механикалық үйлесімділігі, коррозияға төзімділігі және биосәйкестілігі жоғары жаңа металл биоматериалдарды әзірлеуге ықпал етті. Ti–6Al–4V, Co–Cr–Mo қорытпалары және тот баспайтын болат сияқты дәстүрлі имплантат материалдарының кернеуді экрандау әсері, иондардың бөлінуі және ұзақ мерзімді биологиялық қауіпсіздікке қатысты мәселелер сияқты бірқатар кемшіліктері бар. Осыған байланысты TiZrNbTa негізіндегі био-жоғары энтропиялық қорытпалар (био-ЖЭҚ) құрамында биосәйкесті элементтердің болуы, жоғары беріктігі, төмен серпімділік модулі, жоғары коррозияға төзімділігі және жақсы биосәйкестілігі арқасында болашағы зор биоматериалдар ретінде қарастырылуда. Бұл шолуда TiZrNbTa негізіндегі био-ЖЭҚ бойынша соңғы ғылыми жетістіктер жинақталып, олардың микроқұрылымы, легірлеу стратегиялары, механикалық қасиеттері, коррозиялық қасиеттері және биосәйкестілігі қарастырылды. Талдауға алынған зерттеулер TiZrNbTa негізіндегі био-ЖЭҚ-тың тұрақты көлемдік-центрленген кубтық (КЦК) қатты ерітінді құрылымына ие екенін көрсетті. Сонымен қатар, олардың фазалық тұрақтылығы мен микроқұрылымдық ерекшеліктері химиялық құрамды өзгерту, термомеханикалық өңдеу және заманауи өндіру технологияларын қолдану арқылы реттелуі мүмкін. Құрамы мен өңдеу жағдайларына байланысты TiZrNbTa негізіндегі био-ЖЭҚ-тың серпімділік модулі 57-135 ГПа аралығында, ал аққыштық шегі 1000 МПа-дан жоғары болып, механикалық беріктік пен адам сүйек тінімен үйлесімділіктің оңтайлы үйлесімін қамтамасыз етеді. Сонымен қатар, TiO₂, ZrO₂, Nb₂O₅ және Ta₂O₅ оксидтеріне бай тұрақты пассивті оксидті қабықшалардың түзілуі физиологиялық ортада жоғары коррозияға төзімділікті қамтамасыз етеді. Биосәйкестілік бойынша жүргізілген зерттеулер қолайлы биологиялық жауаптарды көрсетіп, TiZrNbTa негізіндегі био-ЖЭҚ-тың ортопедиялық және стоматологиялық имплантаттарда қолдануға жоғары әлеуетке ие екенін дәлелдеді. Соңында жаңа буын биомедициналық имплантаттарын әзірлеуге қатысты негізгі мәселелер мен болашақ зерттеу бағыттары қарастырылды.

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