Mitigation of air leakage in underground coal mines:  A case study of the Quang Ninh coalfield, Vietnam

Ч.В.  Дао; Т.Т.  Ву

doi:10.51301/ejsu.2026.i2.04

Авторы

Ч.В. Дао Ханойский университет горного дела и геологии, Вьетнам
Т.Т. Ву Ханойский университет горного дела и геологии, Вьетнам

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51301/ejsu.2026.i2.04

Ключевые слова:

утечки воздуха, снижение утечек воздуха, вентиляционные сооружения, главные вентиляторные установки, угольные шахты, угольный бассейн Куангнинь

Аннотация

Стабильность и эффективность вентиляционных систем подземных угольных шахт имеют решающее значение для обеспечения безопасности производства и защиты здоровья работников. Утечки воздуха не только снижают эффективность подачи свежего воздуха к рабочим зонам, включая очистные забои, тупиковые выработки и крупные подземные камеры, но и способствуют возникновению таких опасных явлений, как самовозгорание угля и накопление метана, которые могут привести к взрывам. Кроме того, утечки воздуха значительно увеличивают энергопотребление при работе главных вентиляторов. В связи с этим возникает необходимость исследования и разработки решений, направленных на снижение утечек воздуха в подземных угольных шахтах. На основе анализа схемы горных работ, схемы вентиляции и существующих вентиляционных сооружений авторами были проведены натурные обследования, измерения, анализ и оценка, что позволило предложить меры по снижению утечек воздуха через вентиляционные сооружения шахт. Кроме того, предложены конструктивные решения для вентиляционных шлюзов, вентиляционных дверей и изоляционных перемычек, которые могут быть применены на подземных угольных шахтах угольного бассейна Куангнинь, Вьетнам. В исследовании использованы методы сбора данных, натурных обследований, инструментальных измерений, шахтного анализа, а также анализа и оценки полученных результатов. Предложенные решения были внедрены в шахтное производство и показали положительные результаты, включая снижение утечек воздуха, повышение эффективности вентиляции, улучшение режимов работы главных вентиляторов и сокращение вентиляционных затрат по шахте в целом. Результаты данного исследования также могут служить основой для разработки вентиляционных планов на подземных угольных шахтах, а также для выбора и установки соответствующих вентиляционных сооружений, направленных на снижение утечек воздуха в масштабе всей шахты.

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